Pain is defined as an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience that accompanies actual or potential tissue damage. Chronic pain can be aggravated if continuous stimulation occurs during the pain transmission process.
According to the Korean Pain Society, more than 80% of the elderly population aged 65 or older in Korea have chronic pain, and most of them have difficulties in daily life due to pain. Chronic pain refers to a case in which pain persists even after a period for the original wound to heal after tissue damage has passed. Acute pain is a warning sign of disease or tissue damage, whereas chronic pain is a disease in itself.
Chronic pain includes not only physical symptoms, but also neurological and psychosomatic symptoms. In the case of neurological symptoms, it is usually caused by changes in neural structure or function due to aggravation of somatic symptoms. Accompanied by burning, stabbing, or electric pain. If this pain is neglected, changes in the nervous system can lead to chronic pain and cause serious problems such as sleep disorders, memory loss, physical activity atrophy, depression, anxiety, and suicidal thoughts.
In general, medical treatment uses a numerical pain rating scale that can be expressed by grading the intensity of pain on a scale of 0 to 10. 5 to 6 points) and severe (7 to 10 points).
If one or more of the following symptoms are accompanied, it may be chronic pain accompanied by neurological degeneration, so you need to seek professional medical attention sooner. If you feel severe pain in your back or feel pain extending to your arms, if you feel severe pain that extends from your pelvis (buttocks) to your legs, if you feel pain just by touching your clothes, or if you feel pain when you get cold wind on your skin, even with a small stimulus When electricity goes through or a feeling of being cut by a knife, when the pain does not go away for more than 3 months after healing of shingles, when the pain continues even after the wound has healed after surgery, etc. The following are the causative types and major symptoms of major chronic pain.
nociceptive pain
Pain caused by actual or potential tissue damage. It is caused by cuts, burns, injuries, external pressure or internal pressure. This kind of pain is felt when the nerves in the damaged tissue are activated and send pain signals to the brain. Types of nociceptive pain include somatic pain and visceral pain. Visceral pain is pain in the liver or abdominal visceral organs, and the site of pain is ambiguous, constantly tightening or throbbing, accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and sweating. Somatic pain is pain in the skin, muscles, and bones that is sharp and tingling or pressing, and the pain area is localized, and the pain area can be accurately identified.
neuropathic pain
When nociceptive pain lasts for a long time or is repeated, changes in the nervous system occur, resulting in chronic neuropathic pain. It is pain that comes from a state where there is no injury or tissue damage, and it occurs when a signal of pain is sent to the brain due to abnormal function of the nervous system. Causes of nerve damage include pain after trauma or surgery, diabetic neuropathy, and central pain after stroke.
complex pain
Pain disorders that include both neuropathic pain and nociceptive pain include pain after spinal surgery, severe spinal stenosis, carpal tunnel syndrome, and whiplash syndrome caused by neck injuries after a car accident.
cancer pain
The cause of cancer pain is pain caused by the cancer itself, pain that occurs during cancer treatment, pain that occurs secondarily due to general weakness related to cancer, headache or rheumatism (rheumatoid arthritis, etc.) that the patient originally had regardless of cancer. is caused by the disease of Cancer pain is classified into somatic pain, which is nociceptive pain, visceral pain, and neuropathic pain. Nociceptive pain occurs when cancer itself invades soft tissues such as bones, internal organs, blood vessels, and nerves. Neuropathic pain is a symptom caused by infiltration of peripheral nerves by tumors or infiltration of inflammatory cells into spinal cord tissues, and is also caused by damage to nerve tissues caused by surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and the like.
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